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This article, building on analyses from the global south, attempts to reframe democratic expectations by considering where previously maligned practices such as clientelism may hold moments of democracy. It does so by comparing the theory of civil society with that of clientelism, and its African counterpart neo-patrimonialism. It argues that clientelism as civil society may fulfil democratic tasks such as holding the (local) state accountable, strengthening civil and political liberties and providing channels of access for previously marginalised groups. Clientelism is not necessarily a reflection of imposed power relations but, at times, can demonstrate a conscious political strategy, to generate development, on the part of its protagonists.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Introduction: Seeking social justice in the post-colonial state -- Introduction -- Studying the 'post-colonial' -- The democratic and post-colonial state -- Participatory democracy and 'people's power' -- Framing the debates: From political values to the social contract -- Understanding political values and perceptions of justice: Narratives and resistance -- Conceptualising and surfacing political values -- Reading political values in the post-colonial state -- What do citizens see as just? -- Resistance -- The social contract and the post-colonial state -- Fracturing social contracts? -- Conclusion -- Approach, methodology and structure -- Approach -- Methodology -- Structure of the book -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1: Surfacing political values: Narratives of justice in Cape Town, South Africa -- Introduction -- Political values and justice -- Stories and the politics of storytelling -- Storytelling as politics: A methodology -- Personal storytelling, values formation and claiming a place -- Three broken hearts (A personal story told by soeraya davids) -- Collective narratives and collective claims -- Gangsters in uniform: A collective narrative by the Delft Safety Group 8 -- Trauma, values and the boundaries of justice -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2: Silent citizens and resistant texts: Reading hidden narratives -- Introduction -- Silent citizens and political values -- Silent citizenship through criminalization -- Silent citizenship through demobilization -- Silent citizenship through universalism -- Resistant texts, hidden practices and political values -- Resistance through transgressions of dress conventions.

Introduction: The paradox of more participation and less satisfaction with democracy -- The Republic of Hout Bay: a house divided -- A river of grime: governing water and waste -- Selling the mountain: property, housing and neo-apartheid segregation -- Defending the shack: the politics of developmental governance -- Poaching the bay: turning fisherfolk into smugglers -- Upgrading Imizamo Yethu: contests of governance and belonging -- Taxis, violence and leadership in Imizamo Yethu -- Protesting Chapman's Peak toll road: market governance versus environmental politics -- Guarding the bay: securing safety beyond the police